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中国循证儿科杂志

中国循证儿科杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (6): 406-410.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市新入幼儿园儿童亲子互动水平与儿童早期发展 横断面调查

吴岩1,2,林桐1,2,李文2,王广海2,张云婷3,赵瑾3,朱绮2,姜艳蕊2,江帆1,2   

  1. 1 上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心 上海，200030；2 上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心发育行为儿科，儿科转化医学研究所上海，200127；3 上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心儿童健康管理研究所 上海，200127
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-04 修回日期:2020-12-20 出版日期:2020-12-25 发布日期:2020-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 江帆

Parent-child interaction and early childhood development of newly enrolled preschoolers in Shanghai kindergartens：A cross-sectional survey

WU Yan1,2, LIN Tong1,2, LI Wen2, WANG Guanghai2, ZHANG Yunting3, ZHAO Jin3, ZHU Qi2, JIANG Yanrui2, JIANG Fan1,2   

  1. 1 Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; 2 Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institution, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; 3 Child Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
  • Received:2020-12-04 Revised:2020-12-20 Online:2020-12-25 Published:2020-12-25
  • Contact: JIANG Fan

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摘要： 目的：分析亲子互动与儿童早期发展的相关性，为早期家庭教养干预提供参考。方法：横断面调查。采用分层整群随机抽样方法在2016年上海市幼儿园新入园儿童中产生调查儿童，并行中文版亲子互动问卷（CPCIS）和早期能力指数(eHCI) 线上调查，基本信息包括：性别、年龄、母亲受教育程度、过去1年的家庭实际收入、主要照护人、独生子女、父母婚姻实际状况；CPCIS包括12个项目，得分累计为CPCIS总分，按四分位数分为<P25、~P50、~P75和＞P75；eHCI量表中本文重点关注儿童的总体能力发展和语数能力。结果：进入本文分析19 051名儿童，平均年龄3.73 (95% CI: 3.73~3.74)岁,男生52.45% (95% CI: 51.45%~53.44%)； CPCIS（α=0.88）、总体能力发展(α=0.87)和语数能力(α=0.84)的内部一致性信度均处于较高水平。低亲子互动水平与男生、祖父母和其他照护人、父母分居或离异家庭、母亲受教育水平为高中及以下、家庭年收入<10万元、非独生子女和较大年龄（连续变量）儿童有关（Ps<0.01）。上海地区亲子互动水平的平均得分为2.68(95% CI: 2.66~2.70)，调整了儿童的年龄、性别、母亲受教育水平、家庭年收入、是否独生、父母婚姻状况、主要照养人，亲子互动水平的高低与早期能力指数和语数能力指数正相关（Ps<0.01）。结论：亲子互动与儿童早期发展水平密切相关，高水平的亲子互动有利于儿童早期发展。

Abstract: Objective：To explore the association between parent-child interaction and early childhood development, and to inform further positive parenting intervention. Methods：This is a cross-sectional survey. In November 2016, stratified cluster random sample method was used to select newly enrolled preschoolers from Shanghai kindergartens for an online survey of Chinese Parent-Child Interaction Scale (CPCIS) and the Early Human Capability Index (eHCI). Children's demographic information included gender, age, maternal education level, household annual income, primary caregiver, siblings, and parental marital status. CPCIS includes 12 items, and the total scores added from all items were used in the analysis. The CPCIS total score is divided into <P25, ~P50, ~P75 and >P75 according to the quartiles. In the eHCI, this research focused on children's overall development, literacy and numeracy. Results：A total of 19,051 preschoolers were included in the analysis. The mean age was 3.73 (95% CI: 3.73-3.74) years, and 52.45% (95% CI: 51.45-53.44) was male. The reliability of CPCIS was at a high level (α=0.88), and the reliability of overall development (α=0.87) , literacy and numeracy (α=0.84) were both at a high level. The lower parent-child interaction frequency was associated with male, grandparents or others as the primary caregiver, parents divorce, mothers with the education level of or below high school, household annual income <100,000 RMB, and children with siblings or older age (continuous variables). The average score of CPCIS in Shanghai was 2.68 (95% CI: 2.66-2.70). Adjusting for gender, age, maternal education level, household annual income, primary caregiver, siblings, and parental marital status, the parent-child interaction level was positively correlated with the overall development, literacy and numeracy. Conclusion：Parent-child interaction is associated with early childhood development, indicating benefits of parent-child interaction intervention for promoting early childhood development.