Abstract: AbstractObjective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of vitaminA(VitA) for Preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants systematically. Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE,Cochrane LibraryClinical controlled trial database, Chinese Journals full-text Database (CNKI), Chinese Technological Journals Database (VIP) and Wan Fang Digital Journal Full-text Database were searched for randomised control trials (RCTS) on whether VitA could prevent BPD in preterm infants (<37 weeks of gestational age) . The retrieval time was from inception to Oct.2017,at the same time, MESH and free words were used to retrieve. The primary outcome was the incidence of BPD and mortality before discharge; secondary outcomes included the rate of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), hospitalization time, oxygen time, mechanical ventilation time, adverse reactions during the treatment. Bias risk was assessed based on the Cochrane handbook for systemic reviews. Revman 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results: A total of 6 RCTS (both in English) including 1170 preterm infants met the inclusion criteria. The way of administration was intramuscular injection except a study's way was gastric tube. 6 articles all described the method of generating random sequences, all of them referred to allocation concealment, no ending data loss or selective report results, and 5 trials used the double blind method. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of BPD in VitA group was lower than that in control group ［OR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.52~0.87 and P=0.003］. There was no significant difference in the mortality before discharge［OR=1.05，95％CI：0.77~1.44，P=0.76］, as well as in the secondary outcomes, including the incidences of ROP, PDA, IVH, adverse reactions, hospitalization time, mechanical ventilation time, and oxygen time, between the two groups. Conclusion: VitA can reduce the incidence of BPD.