Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD).Methods We reviewed patients with TAPVD from June 2012 to June 2018 who underwent surgical repair and met the inclusion criteria. The patients were classified into 2 groups: event and nonevent group. Data were analyzed with SPSS statistical software and median (range) was used to describe the data distributions which do not conform to normal distribution. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare differences between groups. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to analyze associated risk factors for death and recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO).Results A total of 138 patients with TAPVD were recruited including 42 cases in event group and 96 cases in nonevent group. There were 65 cases with supracardiac type, 44 cases with intracardiac type, 19 cases with infracardiac type and 10 cases with mix type. A total of 138 patients underwent TAPVD repair at a median age of 50 days; patients younger than 1 month were 60 cases (43.5%) and younger than 6 months were 123 cases (89.1%).There were 63 cases (45.7%) with preoperative PVO and 41 cases (29.7%) with postoperative PVO. Infracardiac TAPVD, mixed TAPVD, younger age, preoperative PVO, emergency operation and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass showed significant difference between the event and nonevent groups. The preoperative predictors of studied endpoints were infracardiac TAPVD (P=0.005), mixed TAPVD (P=0.014), preoperative PVO (P=0.020), younger than 1 month (P=0.009) and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (P=0.024).Conclusions upracardiac subtype is the most common type of TAPVD. Risk factors such as infracardiac, mixed TAPVD, preoperative PVO, younger than 1 month at repair and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass, were associated with a poorer prognosis.

Key words: Congenital heart disease, Pulmonary venous obstruction, PVO, Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, TAPVD