Abstract: Objective:To systematically evaluate the risk factors of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) caused by pediatric central venous access devices (CVAD). Methods: A systematic search of literature on CLABSI by pediatric CVADs was carried out in databases of Ovid-Medline, Ovid-Embase, JSTOR, Cochrane Library, CNKI, China Biomedical Medicine, Wanfang and VIP from January 2000 to June 2020. The stratified analysis was performed in terms of PICU, NICU, department of hematology and oncology, and pediatric populations. Results: A total of 16 case reports and cohort studies were included, with 34,478 CVADs and 1,585,358 catheter days. The combined OR (95% CI) of risk factors for CLABSI in PICU, NICU, department of hematology and oncology, and pediatric populations was: a. PICU: 2.72 (1.89 to 3.92) for body weight <8 kg, 1.75 (1.26 to 2.01) for heart disease(congenital heart diseases, chronic low cardiac output, heart failure, and cardiac arrest), 4.95 (3.65 to 6.72) for infusion of blood products (red blood cells or platelets) through central venous lines, 5.83 (3.50 to 9.70) for the use of ECMO, 2.56 (1.80 to 3.65) for mechanical ventilation, 2.89 (2.05 to 4.08) for vasoactive agent, 10.60 (6.44 to 17.47) for parenteral nutrition, 2.72 (1.43 to 5.16) for gastrointestinal diseases (gastrointestinal bleeding, acute and chronic liver failure, gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal diseases), 2.13（1.43 to 3.10） for after gastrostomy, 2.32 (1.84 to 2.94) for catheters in femoral vein, 4.93 (3.60 to 6.76) for two or more catheters placed at the same time and 2.15 (1.68 to 2.75) for long-term catheters; b. NICU: 2.60 (1.25 to 5.41) for parenteral nutrition, 1.71 (1.08 to 2.70)for catheters in femoral vein and 1.39 (1.21 to 1.61) for over 21 days of catheter placement; c. department of hematology and oncology: 4.95 (2.73 to 8.96) for malignant tumors, 8.1 (2.5 to 25.7) for the stage of intensive chemotherapy, and 6.77 (2.18 to 21.04) and 7.09 (2.64 to 19.05) for infusion of red blood cells and platelets through central venous lines one week before respectively, 2.92 (1.37 to 6.24) for more than 1 lumen and 3.36 (1.41 to 7.97）for tunneled catheter; d. pediatric populations: 2.22 (1.58 to 3.10) for bloodstream infection history, 3.95 (2.98 to 5.24) for catheters in upper limb vein and 2.03 (1.94 to 3.04) for catheters in lower limb vein. Conclusion: The risk factors were unique for CLABSI caused by CVADs in PICU, NICU, department of hematology and oncology, and pediatric populations. Treatment and catheters had a greater impact on CLABSI caused by CVADs.