Abstract:

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of administration of PS via thin catheter.Methods: Databases including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Data, CNKI, and JAMA from inception to August 6, 2017 were searched for RCTs about administration of PS via thin catheter, combining with manual retrieval method. Preterm neonates with or threatened by NRDS were given PS via thin catheter in intervention group and via intubation method in control group. Mortality during hospitalization, invasive mechanical ventilation rate in 72 h and during hospitalization were considered as the primary results, meanwhile, the rate of failure of administration of PS in first attempt, PS reflux, repetition of PS administration, serious complications and the duration of supplemental oxygen, the duration of invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilation were also observed. Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. For allocation concealment, the rating standard made by Schulz was used. A meta-analysis was conducted with STATA 14.0 software to sum up the data extracted from the included studies, I2 test was performed to assess the heterogeneity among the studies and Peter's test was used to assess whether publication bias existed.Results: Ultimately, 9 studies scored 3 points according to Jadad scale with allocation concealment were included in the study. Nasal CPAP was used after giving PS via thin catheter in intervention group, whereas PS was given by intubation method in control group, after that invasive mechanical ventilation was carried out in 2 studies and nasal CPAP in the other 7 studies. ①The meta-analysis demonstrated that administration of PS via thin catheter reduced the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in 72 hours (OR=0.570; 95%CI: 0.387-0.840, P=0.005) compared with the intubation method, whereas the mortality during hospitalization and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation during hospitalization were not significantly different. ②The incidence of BPD and pneumothorax was lower in experimental group than control group (OR=0.653; 95%CI: 0.458 -0.932, P=0.019) and (OR=0.565; 95%CI: 0.349-0.915, P=0.020), respectively. However, PS reflux was more frequent in thin catheter group (OR=3.038; 95%CI: 1.622-5.690, P= 0.001). No significant differences were found in other results. Conclusion: As an alternative way of surfactant administration, thin catheter method may reduce the need for mechanical ventilation in 72h and the occurrence of BPD and pneumothorax, but PS reflux seems to be more frequent. Further researches are needed in the future.