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中国循证儿科杂志

中国循证儿科杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6): 401-405.

• 论著 •    下一篇

备孕人群膳食叶酸营养状况横断面调查

季米1,金龙妹2,李春娟2,姜袁1,张羿1,陈逍天1,窦亚兰1,叶莹1,王定美1,黄国英1,严卫丽1,2   

  1. 1 复旦大学附属儿科医院 上海，201102；2 上海市闵行区妇幼保健院 上海，201102
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-12 修回日期:2018-12-20 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2018-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 严卫丽；黄国英

Study on dietary folate nutrition status pre-pregnancy population

JI Mi1, JIN Long-mei2, LI Chun-juan2, JIANG Yuan1, ZHANG Yi1, CHEN Xiao-tian1, DOU Ya-lan1, YE Ying1, WANG Ding-mei1, HUANG Guo-ying1, YAN Wei-li1   

  1. 1 Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; 2 Minhang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai 201102, China
  • Received:2018-12-12 Revised:2018-12-20 Online:2018-12-25 Published:2018-12-25
  • Contact: YAN Wei-li；HUANG Guo-ying

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摘要： 目的调查上海市备孕人群膳食叶酸摄入量、膳食叶酸来源和血液叶酸水平，并评估上海市备孕人群的叶酸营养状况。方法采取横断面整群抽样的方法对在上海市闵行区妇幼保健院孕前门诊接受孕前检查的备孕夫妇进行调查。采用连续3 d 24 h膳食回顾法和食物频率表法对研究人群的膳食状况进行调查。应用《孕前膳食营养素补充剂调查表》调查研究对象近3个月的叶酸等营养素补充剂使用情况。采集空腹静脉EDTA抗凝全血和非抗凝血各5 mL，通过化学发光微粒子免疫法检测血清叶酸浓度及红细胞叶酸浓度。结果共纳入研究对象535例，女性276例（51.6%）、男性259例，平均年龄（29.4±4.1)岁。研究人群平均膳食叶酸摄入量为296.3 μg·d-1，503例（94.0%）低于推荐摄入量，女性和男性的平均膳食叶酸摄入量分别为 267.2和327.3 μg·d-1。血清叶酸水平中位数为5.8 ng·mL-1，血清叶酸缺乏率16.3%；红细胞叶酸水平中位数为214.6 ng·mL-1，红细胞叶酸缺乏率为87.3%。女性血清叶酸浓度（7.0 ng·mL-1 vs 4.8 ng·mL-1）及红细胞叶酸浓度（231.2 ng·mL-1 vs 193.7 ng·mL-1）显著高于男性（P＜0.001）。结论上海地区备孕人群中，绝大多数人群处于红细胞叶酸缺乏的状况，膳食叶酸摄入量低于推荐值。

Abstract: ObjectiveTo assess folate nutrition status by investigating dietary folate intakes, food sources and folate level in Shanghai pre-pregnancy couple population.MethodsCross-sectional simple cluster sampling method was conducted on the pre-pregnancy couples at the pre-pregnancy clinics of Minhang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Shanghai. Dietary status of participants was surveyed by continuous 3-day 24-hour dietary recall and food frequency table. Pre-pregnancy dietary nutrient supplement questionnaire was applied to record the nutrients supplements intake (e.g folic acid) in the past 3 months. Fasting serum and EDTA anticoagulation blood samples of peripheral venous blood was collected from subjects. The concentration of serum folate and red blood cell folate were detected by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. ResultsA total of 535 subjects participated the survey, including 276 (51.6%) women and 259(48.4%) men. The mean age was (29.4±4.1) years old. The mean dietary folate intake of the study population was 296.3 μg·d-1. Five hundred and three (94.0%) subjects took folic acid supplements lower than the recommended nutrient intake. The mean dietary folate intakes were 267.2 and 327.3 μg·d-1 for women and men, respectively. The median concentrations of serum folate and red blood cell folate were 5.8 and 214.6 ng·mL-1, respectively, with 16.3% and 87.3% being folate-deficient according to serum and red blood cell recommendations. The concentration of serum and red blood cell folate in females were significantly higher than that in males (7.0 vs 4.8 ng·mL-1；231.2 vs 193.7 ng·mL-1, P＜0.001).ConclusionThe majority of pre-pregnancy women in Shanghai are in the status of red blood cell folate deficient, and the dietary folate intake is lower than the recommended value.