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中国循证儿科杂志

中国循证儿科杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 298-302.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5501.2023.04.010

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国0~18岁儿童青少年坐高下肢长比和坐高身高比的参照标准与生长曲线

张亚钦,李辉,宗心南,武华红   

  1. 首都儿科研究所生长发育研究室 北京,100020
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-05 修回日期:2023-07-22 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 李辉

Growth charts of sitting-height/leg length ratio and sitting-height/height ratio for Chinese children and adolescents aged 0-18 years

ZHANG Yaqin, LI Hui, ZONG Xinnan, WU Huahong   

  1. Department of Growth and Development, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2021-08-05 Revised:2023-07-22 Online:2023-08-25 Published:2023-08-25
  • Contact: LI Hui

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摘要： 背景 坐高下肢长比（SH/LL）、坐高身高比（SH/H）是评价身材匀称度的主要指标，对其进行科学评估具有重要临床意义。目前我国尚缺乏这2个指标完整详实的参照标准值和曲线图供实际工作使用。 目的 研究制定我国0~18岁儿童青少年SH/LL和SH/H的参照标准值和生长曲线。 设计 横断面调查。 方法 采用2005年“中国九市7岁以下儿童体格发育调查”和“全国学生体质与健康调研”中九省（市）城区92 494名0~18岁健康儿童青少年的身高和坐高测量数据，以身高减去坐高计算获得下肢长，并计算SH/LL和SH/H，应用LMS方法进行拟合，制定SH/LL和SH/H的标准差单位参照值并绘制生长曲线。 主要结局指标 SH/LL和SH/H的生长参照值。 结果 建立了SH/LL和SH/H的标准差单位参照数值（-3SD、-2SD、-1SD、0、+1SD、+2SD、+3SD）及曲线图。儿童SH/LL出生时平均为2.0，随年龄增长逐渐下降，至男童13岁、女童11岁达到最低点（1.11和1.13），之后出现小幅增长，18岁时男、女分别为1.16和1.18。SH/H的变化规律与SH/LL一致，出生时平均为0.67，即出生时坐高在身高中所占比例为67%，随年龄增长下降至最低（0.53），18岁时升至0.54。 结论 SH/LL和SH/H参照标准与生长曲线适用于评价中国儿童青少年身材比例匀称度，可与“中国0~18岁儿童青少年身高、体重的生长标准”配套使用。

关键词: 儿童青少年, 身材比例, 坐高下肢长比, 坐高身高比, 生长曲线

Abstract: Background Sitting height/leg length ratio (SH/LL) and Sitting height/height ratio (SH/H) are the important indicators of body proportion assessment. Their scientific assessment will supply valuable information in clinical practices, but the detailed data on their growth reference standards have not been reported. Objective To construct the SH/LL and SH/H growth charts for Chinese children and adolescents from birth to 18 years. Design A cross-sectional survey. Methods Stature and sitting height of 92 494 healthy urban children aged 0-18 years were measured in two national surveys in 2005 in China, which named The National Survey on the Physical Growth and Development of Children in the Nine Cities of China and The Chinese National Survey on Student's Constitution and Health. Leg length was calculated by height minus sitting height and the SH/LL ratio and SH/H ratio were calculated. Growth reference standards of SH/LL and SH/H were constructed using the LMS method. Main outcome measures Reference values of SH/LL and SH/H. Results The Z-scores growth charts of SH/LL and SH/H (-3SD, -2SD, -1SD, Median, +1SD, +2SD, +3SD) were constructed. The median of SH/LL declined from birth (2.00) to 13 years in boys (111) and to 11 years in girls (1.13), then increased slightly to the age of 18 (1.16 in boys and 1.18 in girls). A similar growth pattern was found in the SH/H, that is, the median of SH/H was 0.67 at birth and declined to the lowest point (0.53) with age, then increased slightly to 0.54 at 18 years old. Conclusions The growth charts of SH/LL and SH/H are used in assessing body proportions for Chinese children and adolescent individuals, and they could be used in conjunction with the growth charts of height, weight for Chinese children aged 0-18 years.

Key words: Children and adolescents, body proportions, Sitting-height/Leg length ratio, Sitting-height/height ratio, Growth charts